The use of non-toxic agents for catalytic oxidation treatment of organic wastewater, especially for the treatment of toxic, harmful, and difficult to biodegrade organic pollutants, is a hot topic in current water treatment technology research. Active intercalation can serve as a catalyst for wastewater catalytic oxidation reactions. Compared with the Fenton reagent method, the COD removal rate has increased by 1.75 times. Metal oxides can also be used as catalysts to improve the efficiency and oxidation ability of ozone.

The most commonly used catalysts for photo oxidation are inorganic reagents such as TiO2 and H2O2 oxalate iron. The usual suspended phase TiO2 photocatalytic oxidation method has inherent drawbacks such as catalyst deactivation, easy aggregation, and difficult separation. Loading TiO2 on sea sand as a catalyst for photo oxidation reaction overcomes the above drawbacks. The photocatalysis fixation technology of TiO2 powder fixed on foam nickel can also degrade sulfosalicylic acid in wastewater. When using TiO2 to catalyze the degradation of organic compounds, solar energy can be used instead of UV light sources.

In recent years, the electrochemical water treatment method has been improved by adding oxidation, catalytic oxidation, or photocatalytic oxidation on the basis of traditional electrochemical methods, effectively breaking through the limitations of microelectrolysis technology and demonstrating the green characteristics of electrochemical water treatment technology. Using a transparent electrode and nanostructured TiO2 as the working electrode and photocatalyst, the photoelectrochemical method was used to electrolyze dyes in water. It was found that compared with photo induced decomposition and photocatalytic degradation, the photoelectrochemical degradation had the best degradation effect on three dye solutions: magenta, chromium blue K, and chromium black T. The study of using high-voltage pulse discharge degradation method to remove acetophenone from water has also achieved good results. In the process of treating acetophenone in water with liquid electric pulse, when O2 is introduced, the degradation rate of acetophenone can reach 92% after 30 minutes of discharge treatment. The liquid electric pulse plasma degradation method involves interdisciplinary fields such as plasma physics, plasma chemistry, fluid mechanics, thermodynamics, biology, electrical engineering, and environmental protection. This degradation method has the comprehensive effects of various water treatment methods such as photochemical oxidation, high-temperature thermal degradation, supercritical water oxidation, and liquid electric cavitation degradation.

SCWO is an improvement on the wet oxidation treatment of refractory organic wastewater and a green water treatment technology that has emerged in recent years. Supercritical water (T>617.5K, P>22.05MPa) has characteristics that normal water does not have. It has strong solubility, high diffusion coefficient, and fast mass transfer rate, and can be used as a reaction medium for the oxidation of toxic and harmful organic compounds in supercritical water. Organic matter, air or oxygen, and water can be completely miscible at temperatures above 25Mt a and 673K. The system is in a homogeneous mixed state, and over 99.99% of organic matter can be rapidly oxidized to CO-NHO and other small molecule substances within a short reaction residence time. This method is particularly effective for the treatment of toxic, harmful, and difficult to biodegrade organic wastewater. The oxidation products are clean and do not require subsequent treatment, meeting the requirements for fully enclosed treatment. Pure water equipment can achieve self heating and natural start-up at low organic content, without the need for external heating after operation. Due to the uniform mixing of reactants and high reaction temperature, the reaction rate is significantly accelerated, resulting in a shorter residence time for water, a smaller required reactor volume, and a simpler structure.